Governing mechanism for prime motors.



PATBNTED MAY '7, 1907.A

F. EL'LICQTT. GOVERNING MECHANISM- P011 PRIME MOTORS.

APPLIGATION FILBD'AUG. 22, 1906.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

No. 852.658. Y PATBNTBD MAY 7. 1907. F. ELLIGOTT.

(urvEllNr MEGHANISM FOR PRIME MOTORS.

' VAPPLIM'HU'N FILED AUG. 22. 190e.

No.l 852,658.

. PATBNTBD MAY?, 19o?.

. P. BLLIGOTT.' GOVBRNING M'BGHANISM PoR PRIME MOTORS.

' APPLICATION FILED AUG. 22, 1906 6 SHEETS-SHEET 4- PATENTED MAY 7, 1907.

No. 852.658.v

F. ELLICOT'II. l GOVERNING MEGHANISM FOR PRIME MOTORS.

7 APPLICATION FILED AUG. 22, 1906.

5 SHETs-sHEET 5.

IIIIIIIIW' attorney; 5

' already started in the right direction" and therefore, to allow the head'to reach speed l position before tile has been necessary dependent device for'v controlling JMaryland, have invented ,The same 'structures are employed 2in the' s irable vto supplement Y governor head or centrifugal device to precede -the gate to correspond in speed with the eX- o a f inarrnn Isiefrn Application led iignst 22,

Beit known that FRANCIS ELLioo'rr, a citizen .of the .United States oi' Ai'nerica, and -l a resident of Baltimore. county and State oi useful Improvements inGoverning Mechan-I ism-for Prime Motors, oi' which the following is 'a'spec-ication. 'i v i My' invention relates to a governing mech anism designed for governing prime motors. lt. is especially adapted `for governing turbine. water motors, but it may be used for ,governing any other hind of an engine.` i V .f The prime object of m'y governor is to govern to exact speed under all conditions, and in accomplishing this result, to regulate the speed of government at all stages otgate, so yasto enable vme to govern rapidly for great changes ot'load and slowly for slight'chang'es 'of load, and always to approach exact speedV slowly'and without over-government. In' my previous patents I have described a governor which was. 'adapted to cause the gate to move in response to a'change of speed before the centrifugal device could respond to the changeI and when the centrifugal device beganto respond itwpnld follow agate] gradually bring the speed to normal by op-` erating upon the motor controller to accelerate or depress speed until speed was reached. The final. approach to speed was controlled by an auxiliary vibration imposed upon 'the apparatus which would cause the vhead to vibiate back and forth as speed. was approached.

present governor, but it has been foundy dethein bycausi'ng the the motor in arriving at spoed position so as to prevent over-government. It has also been 4found desirable to cause the motion of tentof. motion required and-'to approachv speed more slowly than. can result irom the action of the' governor head alone. n order,

motor reaches speed. it. to provide anentirelyTv inthe controller independently of the head. The p rbbf `lem of accurate governmentrequires thefcon sideration 'ot of in a hydraulic pla nt.'

the conditions'whichexist' Head ofwater willde# Specification of Letters Patent..

certain new 'and n Bininionn cons-rv, ininvnrxn ausm Foe Penne morons..

.Patent-ed May 7,19o7. i906. semina. si'g'iii sure 'will determine the time during which The the waterA can pass through the wheel. resi-stance 4of the plant in l'oad, i`riction,' and -inomentuingeiiiect and the frequency and 0X- tent of load `changes will determine the forces which'must be dealt with reproduce accu rate government under varyii'ig conditions. y

. '.Generall'y it may besa'id that if the Iplant is light, having, therefore,y little momentum effect,y the powerniluslt be regulated sharply, right up'tojspeed, whiieit the plant is heavy with ahigh monientum'eife'ct, the vregulation must besuch as 'to-permit the power after it isl applied time tcaccuninlate speed slowly.

The object ofniy governoris topiovideil n wide range of adjustments :tor all these varying conditions so' that the speed of government maybe regulatedto'suit the varying requirements oit'l any plant. 'These results I' accomplish b 'y regulating and controllingthe speed of government, that is 'to say', thetiine vwhen. thegate begins to move and the time during which it'moves,'th'e speed at 'Whichit moves, and thedistance,"it isfperin'itted to move to suit. ail these vary-ing conditions,

` and at the ysame time prevent'over-'govern- In general termsit vmay` be said that. these resultsfare accoinplished'by giving to ment.

the'gate 'in all cases an initial'moveinentin 4tnedirection in whichflt is 'desired Y1t shall nieve with 'the iii-st .instant of change. of-

spped and 'before lthe. governor .head can change its position. 4to move a distance and at a peed 'proportionalvv to the amount of changej'of load, then checking the motion of the gate 'and slowly moving yit lto exalctspeed position and cans lingit .to stop and remain there so long as the 'speed remains constant, and to do this at all stages o terred forni of mechanism b which these resiiltsare accomplished* is .i'lustratedin the drawings'and described in this specification but many modifications ofthis mechanism may be made without departing from 'my invention.

f T he apparatus hereafterdescribed niay 'for the purpose of elucidation bediividedI into four groups, alll of which perform separatel functions but vall of which cooperate to perforin a' unitary function. y Thehrst group comprises the old governor head having'diiierential spring between nut and screw 'which is 'hilly shown and described termine the pressure applied to tlie' wheel.

The sizes-,of inlets and outlets and the pres; l

in my Patent No 'o6-394..

rl`he second group comprises an `elastic cont. gate and in both directions. A pre-` Then causing the gate IOO ' .varying with the c Wlnch the governor head is restored tov speed f nection between the controller and the con; troller valve, by which the gate is caused to take a series of s tes in its motion of a length anges of load and also by position independently of and tor has reached speed. Y The third group is one whichimposes upon the whole mechanism a constant, auxiliary vibratory, motion.

' The fourth group comprises a direct. con* before themonectionbetween the gate and the valve which controls'the-controller, and by the motionof tlie gate moves the` controller valve ina diernr head has originally moved it, thus havinge tendency te stopfthe'motion of thecow troller- 'and .the gate, and cause thel gate; to

' take'astep by step motion, and finally brifx the'jcontroller valve to central position a stop government independently of thegovrfernor head and before themotor hf`a.s'rea 'l`1ed' exact speed. The "apparatus shown in the drawin' case 1s especially designed as an lndependent mechanical governor 'to be attached to ,a gate moving mechanism such as isgen-l erally used upon mostWheelconstructioiisl' f Referring to the drawings:LFigure 1 ,is a

vertical elevation `of my governorjmechan- `ism, showing itsattachment to 'a gate movlng mechanism. Fig. f2 is1 an enlarged view of the governorhead shown-'partially 'in ver- 4tical section. -'Fig.3 is a' side viewof the v1s a vertical-section lofthe4 governor, va' ve' 11 is a plan-view of the rock shaft-27 .showin governor on the same scale as Fig. 1. Fi 4 ychest and valve, Fig. 5 is fa vieW of .the 4loweliside ofthe overnor cylinder andvalve port'. -isja top plan view of the govview-of the detailsofthe'various parts which dash pot, and the eccentric' together. Fig

the various levers and rodsconnected'to Referring .to the drawings,Figs.v -1sand,2: 1

.is a shaft connected by suitable mechanism.

not 'shown With the gate of a Water Wheelor lother controller of a prime motor. The rota# tion of this shaft under the influence ofthe.

controlling mechanism is the {means 'by which the governinv is' accomphshed.

, 2- is 1a' worm w eel mounted'uponfthe 3 .is a worm meshin i withfthe 4 is a 'coun-ter sligwfrnountedlililtable supported onf" v e y 17 is a couiterjshat iournaied in the legs the pulley 21 23'isacountershaft,'suitably mounted fjou'rnalsand carrying'the pulleys 22. f f -24 is 'a disk fast upon thesliaft 1 and pro#- kbearings and carryingythe Worm 3 'fast upon The counter shaft 4 issupperted in bear# it. ingsin the legs of arame '12.

5 `is a' hand wheel on the 'end of Vthe counter shaft4, and adaptedto 'm'ove the gate by hand when necessary.

7 1s a bevel ear, fast on the counter shaft 4,

4opposite -to t e hand' Wheel 5, Aand which meshes with the'bevelgears 8 and 9. These gears are mounted on sleeves and are loose on theverticalshaft 11, which is supported in bearings' 18, 14, and the' stepv 15,

' 10 is a icti'on clutch of'usualtype, havin elements which vare connected tothe beve gears'8 and 9;, and an internal element splined lupon 'the 'shaft l1 1 f. The internal lelement is adaptedtoj 'be moved' vertically 'within' the exlternval elements, and to be brought into con- .tact with ythe upper orflower portions thereof and. 'thereby permitted to drive either the bevel-gearS or the bevel ear gearwill then legs 12.

The driven The bevelgearlS meshes with the bevel gear 19, which is fast on. the shaft 11 and drives it,

The'shaft 17 carries also the -pulley 20'. and

2'2"1sa pair of pulleys, one fast and-'one vided with an eccentricl camgroove 25.

26 'is -apinytraveling inthe cam -groove l2 5 and'se'cure'dto 'a slide 2'7, which is fitted to slide'vertically 'in the bracketV 28 mounted ture-and pitch of theicam groove 25 may be arbitrary, so las to correspond with the curve of 'efficiency of. the 4particular .wheel in ques-' 4tion.A

x Referring to Fig.` 11, 29 is a rod, connected 4to the slide 2-7 at its upper end, andvsecured to fthe' arm 30 whichisfast upon the rock. 'shaft 31.

ets upon the frame of'the,macl11ne and carries four arms 30, 32, 33and '34.` The arms 30, 32 and 33 are-horizontal, while 34 is ver- Motion'i's .imparted Vto the rock shaft. '3 1' by the rod 29 and the str-m30.' The fallait' The shaft 31\'is'rnounte d in brack-` a're' connected by .a belt f to the The pulley 21 is'belted direct -to the runnerfof. thewater 'wheel'or other vmoving partof the prime motor, andco'n- 'stantly drives the shaft 17 at the samespeed: y as the speed ofthe motor.

31 then niovesthe`V arms, 33', 34| To 32 is connected the rod 35, carrying upon itsend 'the dash pot 36. ,The arm 32carriesupon its end' the rod`37, which is-secured at its up per en'd to the 'arm 38 'W 'ch ispfast to an ec' centric disk 39.

y The ar 134 is vertical and 1sl connected atits end to a rod 40,vvhicli is horizontal and extends acioss lthe governor head and is connected at its vopposite end'to a bell crank 41 mounted upon a `bracket other yright angle artnet-the bell crank 4l .The is connected to a rod 43 provided .in its cen.-A

. ter with anaperture 44 and guided at its up.

per end inl a slide in anI arm 45.

of the machine and Ushaped. ln itis Journaled a vertical sha-i647, stepped in the lower 'end of the bracket andpa'ssing through the arm 45. Upon the shalt 471isl fast a bevel gear 48, Whichmeshes Withthe bevel gear 49,

46 is a brack t, .mounted upon thie iframe "which is fast upon the inner end of the horiz'onta'l counter shaft 23 above referred to.

y TheshaitZS is journaled as above de cribed in the bracket 46, and an auxiliary I racket Y Nithin the upon the frame or the machine.

' bracket- 46 onv the shaft. 23 is a worm 50,

meshing with the angles to the bracket 46.

Worm VWheel 5l set .at right The-Worm Wheel 5l actuates an eccentric 52 which is connected to thefrod 53 and reciprocates a bellrank'54 which is oo nnected to the doublel links 55, Fig.--lO,` by meansy of the connecting rod 56. The con- `starrt revolutionoi the eccentric 52 gives to the bell .crankA 54,-the link'55 and the valve rod which is connected to, the linie 55 a constant 'auxiliary vibrating motion.

56 is an auxiliary ybracket se ured to the.

Worm andalso journaledin the top of the bracket 46 inany suita le manneri' As shown -it is mounted-upon a boss upon the `,bracket 46 Whih surrounds lthe shaft 47. ln y bracket 56 isa circular aperwill cause the disk 3 9 to turn Within the disk 57,' and raise or lower the linksl l55 which are eccentrically secured thereto andattheir upmy per ehds are connected to a disk 62, in the end of the valve lever 63. 1

The parts 37, 38 and 39 are a meanssynchronizing a plurality of motorf, and :irc

disconnected when the device is to operate '"Pinerely as a inea-ns speed under varying` lood; t

for m aint aining constant Thevalve lever 63 is lully described in my Patent No. 664,394 issued December 25,

is mounted a.y disk 57. -Vllithin- 1900. It consists of a lever having a circular aperture in its center,`vvit hin which is arranged a ring 64,'upo'n Whichthe vlever 63 is mounted uponoppositely disposed trunnion pins. I

- horizontal other end to ytlie'disk of the screiiT 65'.

'the disk stand in a vertical position,

" turbed', either vor by the motion of the arm 7 5, under 4the inver 6 3.

`com i nunicated A sore-W 65 with a disk uponits lower end surrounds the shalt 47, upon which it is splined by means of a feather 66. 'ln the edge of thel ydisk 65 isan annular groove in which is seated the ring 64.l 'Bythis means the leyver 63 is permitted to rock upon its trunnions time to be moved bodily up and at the same and down under the iniluencc of 'the screiv 65 which is screwed :int-o or out of a nut 67 which is above it. 68 is al spiral; spring connected at one en'd to the nut/f6?" and at therom the shaft 47 and the screw 65 to the nut 67, and alllofthe parts connected vto it above. These have been fully described in the patent 'mentioned i At its right hand end, 'thelever 63 is provided with' a circular aperture, inwhich is sea-tied a circulardisk 62. rl`he aperture z no Above the diskv62 lis 'anI extension -dn which are mounted tivo spiral springs 70. Through them pass rods 71, provided With vnuts upon their upper ends, and connected at theiri loive'r ends With lin-ks' 72; These links at their-lower ends are connected to studs 73 and 74 in the disk 62. l The tendency oi theI springs 7 0,'When'they are oil equal strength,

i is to 'maintain the-disk 69 ln such a position' that the arm 75, which is connected to the'. pins 73 and 7 4', will be, horizontal. As soon, however, as that horizontal position is dis-v vbythev motion of.the lever 63 rluence of a movement of the gate, the tendency of the'springs 7,04 is4 to .re-establish thel parallel position of the arm` 75, and bring the valvelever 63 alsoto-a coriespending position. `Parts of this structure are shown in detail in Figli).

Thel actuating mechanism of the governory is connected to the iree end of 'the valve leto Fig. Si: 36 is aidasl'i pot,'` mounted on theupper end ol". the rod` 35, which, as previouslyv state l,jis seeuredto tl'le leverarm 32, and having` in its side a b v-pass 76 controlled by valves 7T. 78 is the piston rod and 79 tlielpiston reciprocating in the dash-pot The piston yrod 78 is connected at its upper end to the lever arm 75. The cylinder islled ,with oil and ivhen the rod 35 is moved up and doivn the whole structure vvill move togetlier'aiid its motion will be bv the rod T8 to the lever T5 andthe springs 7l) Awill be -t-hrovvn outot equilibrium. c'ille rn'echamsm ivill then be.

. f Referring held in th'atqpositicn until the tension ol' the springs upon the ar1n75and the piston a part ot the voil above or below the piston through the loy-pass into the other end of the dashpot- 1 thus be reeestablished.

To the lree end oi the valve lever'63 is con- 70 ivilheirert a sul'llcient'pressure Bv y vmeans of this springv rotation 'is' imparted Viheequnibrium orl the parts vivill haus'ted through the port 84.

85 is the yalve, cylindrical inform, havingtwo cylindrical valve flanges, one at each end,

and supported, upon the end of stem 81. 87 is a cylinder' in which reciprocates .a piston 88 mounted upon a piston rod 89 which prot-rudes from both ends of the cylinder 87 through suitablel stulling boxes and moves the clutch member 10. V

The cylinder 87 is shown in section in F ig. 4, and again in section at right angles to the section of Fig. 4 on the line b-b of Fig. 5 in 90 is la by-.pass, connecting the two ends of the cylinder 87. The by-pass is connected to the upper and lower ends of the cylinder the valve by means of openings 91 which -are controlled by pins92, tapped into the side 'of the cylinder and having tapered ends.l VThis by-pass is provided for the purpose of permitting a more or less free communication between they two sides of the pistonlso as to equalize the pressure upon the two sides of the piston. 93-93 are ports connecting the valve chest S2 with the cylinder 87. These ports are so situated as to be covered by the cylindrical ends of the valve 85 when it is in its central position. l

94 is a spring surroundinf1 89, below the piston 88, and supporting. the piston, so as to counterbalance its weight and maintain itapproximately at the center of the cylinder 8 7 under normal conditions.

T hisstructure operates in the same man-neras the controller described in my patent here-A in referred to in which the piston is balanced -between activey opposing pressures and moved by reducing the pressure upon the side toward which it is desired the piston shall move.

Referring to the details shown in Figs. 4 and 8: 95 is a bearing mounted. upon the valve rod and` is provided in its center with a hole, two vertical fianges on each side, vand a curved center portion upon which/a spring arm may rock.

96 is a sleeve adapted to stand/upon the i rod 80 secured thereto, by means ol" a threaded engagement'and a lock nut and having a horizontal flange around its center,'whieh has a curved bearing surface on its lower side. .The curved bearing surface oi" the member 95 and the curved bearing surface of the sleeve 96 are adapted to stand opposite.

v each other, andto form two oppositebT disposed rocking surfaces for an intermediate the piston rod y 95. and secures them together by means of lock nuts and a threaded enga ement.

98 is a bracket, secured to t e neck of the cylinder 87 and slotted as 'shown in Fig. 6. In this bracket is secured a stud 99, which is threaded and provided with twonuts 1.00 and 101 by nut 100 thebolt is secured in placeto ythe bracket 98, and by 101 the tension of spring 102 is regulated. l

102 is asprmg surrounding the stud 99, and seated upon the nut 101. f l

103 is a sleeve mounted upon the stud 99, and having at its center a 'horizontally projecting portion which has a curved l-uppersurface. r

104 is a collar having two pendent flanges' and a central curved portion which is adapte`d to fit upon the top of the sleeve 103.

y 105 is a spring surrounding the upper end of the sleeve 103, resting upon the top of the column 104 and pressed downward by the nut 106, secured on the upper end of the stud 99.

107 is a bearing secured to the upper end of the piston rod 89. It has two vertical anges on the sides and a curved surface in the center with a hole in the vmiddle of the curved surface. A. corresponding bolster 108 is secured above this bearing inclosing the rod,

curved surface.

109 is a laminated steel spring composed of;

a series of thin flat steel springs laid together.

The springs are provided with three aperstem, and in doing so :must carry the spring 109 with it, hencev the slots 1 .10 and 112. The spring 109, as shown in Figsnl and 2, is made longer than is shown in Figs.'4 and` 8,l and passes through fthe hole 44 in the vertie1 rod 43, to limit the motion of the valve unde IIO sudden changes ofspeed or' breakage of the cylinder 87 by its piston.

If the turbine water wheel be running at any given speed and any given load, the parts of thel mechanism will have assumed a state of equilibrium and lrest corresponding to the speed, and the speed will be normal for that load. p

The drawings, Figs. 1 and 2, represent a mechanism in an operative condition with the gate about 90% open." The pin 26 has almost reached the end of the cam groove 25.

and the other parts of the mechanism are in a state of equilibrium dueto the action of the springs 'TO and Ithe spring- W9. drop of load occurs, the speed will rise. The increased speed will beat once connnunicated through the pulleys 20. 21, and 22' to governor head'. 'The screw '65 being thus turned'at a greater rate of revolution than ,f the'nut 61 will be screwed into the nut and will dran' the lever 63 upward with it thus increasing the tension of the spring GS, which in its recoil will re-adjust the relation'vbetiveen the Vnut and the screw. The right rand end of the lever 63 being held at its normal position by the parts to which it is connected, will not rise, bu the left vhand end of' be given an alni'orinal eleva-L Tlns'-will result in drawing the valvev the lever vvill tion. stem S6 upward, opening the port above the 'piston 8l to exhausnand the one below the piston to pressure, The piston will rise, dran' up the movable elutehmember into contact with the upper portion of the clutch the springs to return and set the bevel gear 9 into revolution, the driving gear T, vvnecl 2 land straft l to close the'gate,

The

.upward mot-ion of the valve will lat once yputl springs 109 and 105 under tension, which will tend to* return' the valve to central position and also to return the centrifugal device to speed position. As soon as the valve reaches central position and the balls reach speed position, under this influence'movement of the gate stops and gravitation at once returns the piston to central position in the cylinder.

'If reduction of the speed of the motor has not Ibeen sufficient to maintain the balls vat speed sition. This time vvill be limitedr by the l s y throw of the valve and the form and strength of .the springsfH If theform sh'ovvnin 'Figlia befus'edr and the! springs be light, the time will be long.I lf the'springs bestrong,v the time Will be short because the differential spring'of the/head will quickly re'assert itself and correctthe abnormal elevation of the valve lever, vvhile the head will begin to drop, Idue tothe closing of the gate, andthe springs 105 and l0() will as soonas the pullgof the valve lever is'removed assert themselves tov restore the valve to central position. Th'eform, vconnection. and strength tif-these sprii'igsin ay be'adjust-- ed to meet the' conditions of anyparticular plantvas to` head, Imoi mitumeffect, extent of loadtcl: & :is spjeedis approached the -i,nechau nist-"n ivhich produces artificial and constant.ostill'ationlof:the .p'artsL gate toward speed and position will be. short lf non' a and successiveuntil speed position is reached,

' Will also' turn the xdisk 24 an amountv corr' spending to the movement of the gate. t

the shaft 4;, the Worm 3, Worm y move slowly` and then the governing mechanism vvill pnl.- sate back'and l,forth across speed 4positiO.,L readytoY begin a movenientin either direction.

A movementof the-gate in either directiuno cam groove 23 is constructed to corres to the eiiiciency of the'tvhee'l, that is ltofsay,"4 j its groove follows a curve which represen the efficiency. i *t Ajvvheel is alnay'sanore efficient at gate than at low gate,and 'as the'efliciency of the wheel increases thetimein tyhchuthe.

Water will become -effective upon the vsih'eelc"550;,I 'I' i decreases, hence in moving the gate toward 'speed'position and checking its 'motion'be y fore speed position is reachedso as 'togive the Water time to. become effective upon the" Wheel, the higher the4 ate, ipe. gate is open, the ynea-rer and'nearer tospeg'd position may the check be made: ".Tln'sgis' yaccomplished yby causingA theeccentric'calfn 23 to move the dash pot 36 variable distances for any given numlier of. degrees vof rotation "9o depending upon the position the gate, and the time during which the 'Water'is'allowed to operate upon thev X'vheel to build tip-,its speed after gate and head are at speedp'osition is regulated. by the regulation of the .95 valve of the dash pot. l A 4movement of the cam`24 lwill movethe of the valve lever an amount corresponding. los.

to the vmotion ofthe gat,` This will move the valvelever 63 in a direction opposite to that in )vlucht it'wvas vmoved to produce the original movement ofthe gate, thus tending fto restore the valve to itsfcentral positionl 10'54 'and stop government. This constitutes ine dependent means for'causing the gate'tfo- U The slightest motion ofthe disk 62 will put one or thev otherofvtrtlie,l

springs 70 under abnormal tension, 'andit 11o*v will at once begin'to" assert itself to 'restore the disk toits normal position,v and will do.. so in atime' controlled by the b v-pass ofthe dash pot. .This time -will correspond to the time requisite for the Waterto become efl'ectlfii5 n ivevupon the Wheel ,and 'bring l.it "to speed after government has ceased.

It Willbe noticed that .the head operates uponthe .valve lever at its center by moving t f theleft hand or free dnd, th. I being 'relatively' fixed. The springs of the valve and piston' operate upon the free end l ofthe lever tofraise the head, thedisk end being fixed-While thedisk and'cam operate 'upon thread endof the :lever to move the"125' free 'or val-ve end, the center being "rela-tively e. fixed. By this means 1t is possible for the l headto move thcvalve without affecting, the \`:ff ydisk, for thev valve springs to move tliejioatl.,

witbiutfail'ecting'the disk, :rnd for the disk .|30

vwider the',l 315/ .g,

'ght hand-end izo f to move the valve head and after the head has ,/assnmed speed position. If the ports of the dash pot are properly adjusted, the movement of the head ,will start the controlling-l mechanism and this mechanism will move the disk and consequently the valve at such a velocity as 'will bring just prior to the restablishment of speed in the prime motor and allow the fraction of a second or several seconds that may be required, for .the admitted water tov become effective upon the motor. This period of time varies with the frictional resistance, pressures carried upon'the prime motor, and Weights of moving parts, momentum, and many other elements which enter into the question of correct governing and which vary in almost all cases. "The adjustment necessary to accommodate these varying conditions must be rovided for in any eficient governing mec ianism. Of course. all these mechanismand functions `cooperate together, some simultaneously, some successively, but they all cooperate and modify eac'h other;`

The action of the valve springs in' bringing head to speed position before the motor comes to speed and the action of the disk in bringing. the valve to central position and stopping government before speed is reached is w at I call leading the motor as distinguished from being led by the motor".

My invention has been described as ap lied to a single wheel by a structure inwhicllf the balanced piston is connected to and operates a gate moving mechanism, but, it will be understood that a more economlcal structure mayl be designed in which the iston is directly and A,ri idly connected to t e gate, thus avoiding all' `ost motion.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent,-is: l

1. The combination of a prime rnotor, a governor therefor, and means 'for returning the governor to normal constant speed posi-v tion before the motor has returned to speed.

2*. In a deviceV for maintaining constant speed in a prime motor under variable load, the combination of a prime motor, a centrifug'al governor therefor, and means for returning the governorv to normal constant speed position when displaced. therefrom by changes of load before the motor is returned to speed.

3. In a device for 'maintaining constant speed in a prime motor under a variable load, the. combination of a prime lmotor, a controller for the motor, containing a power element and a valve and' an elastic connection between them, so arranged as to tend to move therndn opposite directions, and a governor connected ts: and moving the valve and quite independentlyT of the 'the valve to its central positiony load, the combination of a prime motor, a

controller for the motor, a governor, and` an elastic means connected to the governor and operating to restore it .to normal constant speed position, when displaced therefrom by changes of load, before the motor has reached speed.

5. In al device for maintaining constant speed in a prime .motor under a variable load, the combination of a governor adapted to respond to changes of speed, a-motor controlled thereby, and an elastic device, which is put under tension by any movement of the governor from speed posltion and which is adapted to restore the governor to normal constant speed position'before the motor has reached speed.

6. In a device for maintaining constant speed in a prime motor, the combination of a governor adapted to respond to changes of speed, a motor controller, and an elastic device connected lto the governor and put under. tension by its movement from normal constant speed position and adapted. to restore the governor to speed position before the motor is restored to speed.

7. Ina device for maintaining rconstant speed in a prime motor under a variable load, the combination of a governor adapted to respond to changesof speed, a motor, and a motor controller, the latter consisting of a piston balanced between active opposing pressures, and a valve controlling the exhaust of pressure from above or below the piston, the piston and valve being connected by a spring so arranged as to tend to move the piston and valve in opposite directions, the centrifugal device being connected to the valve of the controller, and when 'operating it in response to a change of speed it will put the connecting spring of the valve under a tension which will tend to restore the centrifugal device to speed position before the motor is restored to speed.

8. `The combination of a centrifugaly governor, a motor controller, the latter containing a piston balanced between opposing pressures, and a' valve controlling exhaust from above or below the piston, a spring 4mounted upon a support and connected at one end to .the valve and at the other end to the piston and adapted when either valve or piston is moved out ofnormal position to movethe other in an opposite direction. l

9. The combination of acentrifugal governor, a motor controller, Ithe latter including a piston balanced between opposing pressures, and a valve controllingexhaust from IOO IIO

labove or below the piston, a-,spring mounted upon an elastic support and' connected at one end to the valve and at the'other end to the piston and adapted when either valve or oistonis moved out of normal position to i move the other in an opposite direction.

1t). The combination of a centrifugal governor, a motor controller, the latter consisting ot a piston balanced between opposing pressures and a malve controlling exhaust ro'm above or below the piston, a straight flat spring mounted upon a double tulcrum,

one above and one below it,`these fulcrums being elasticallv supported so as tov permit vertical motion, the Hat spring being connected at one end to lthe valve and at the other end to' the piston, as and for the purpose speeitied.

11. ln a device fo1,1nai11tai1nng` constant speed in a prime motor under a variable load,

. the combination of a centrifugal governor, a

motor having a gate, acontroller moving the gatefthe controller comprising a' piston balanced between active opposing pressures and a lvalve exhausting pressure from above or ."below the piston, 'and means connected to the gate and the valve bv which the motion ot' the gate will tend to return the valve tonormal constant speed position when displaced. K

12. In a device. for maintaining constant' speed in a prime motor under a variable load, the combination otc a centrifugal governor, a motorhaving a gate, a controller for the motor, and-elastic means connected to the Acontroller and put into activecondition bv thel motion of the controller which tends to` re store the controller to normal constant speed and stop the gate independently of the speed of the motor.

13. ln a device 'for maintaining constant speed in a prime motor under a variable load, the combination of a centrifugal governor, a "notor having` a gate, a controller for the mo-A ;or, and elastic means connected to the gate rnd the controller and put into active condi- `v`:ion bv the motion of the gate which tends to restore the controller to normal and stop the gate independently of the speed of the nio-- tor. f

1l. The combination of a centrifugal govcrnor, a motor having a gate, a controller for the motor, means connected to the controller and put inte active condition by its motion, andwvhich tends to restore the controller to normal and the centrifugal device to speed position. independently of the speed of the motor, andmeans connected to the gate and to the controller and put into active condition by the motion of the gate and which cooperates with .the first means to restore the controller to speed position and stop Vthe motion' of thegate independently of thespeed of the motor. 1

16. The combination of a centrifugal govi ernor, a motor having a gate, a coiitrollertbr the motor. and meansconnected tothe cony troller and to the gate and capable of storingA 1i within itselt' themotion ot the gate and conii municating` this motion to the controller and Vindt-pendent means for regulating the speed' of its transmission. i

16. T he combination ofa centrifugal govl ern'or, a. motor having Ia gate, a controller for the motor, and an elastic device connected tov the gate and to the controller and put under tension bv the ,motion of the gate, and by the exertion of that'tensiom tending to' restore .means for regulating the speed of its transmission.

17. The combinationl of a centrifugal govL ernor. a motor having agate, a controller for the. motor, and a dish held in a normal position bv springs and interposed' in the connection between the' gate and th'e .controller and put under abnormal tension .by the motion of the gate., and which as it is rotated from its normal position will ten'dto restore the controller to normal and stop the. gate.

1S. The combination olf a centrifugal governor, a motor having a gate, a controller' for the motor, a disk held in normal position Ib3 Vtween-the gate and the controller and adapted to be rotated a-nd its springs put under abnormal tensionbv the motion ol' the gate, and which when it is'rotated from its normal po! sition bv the ga-te'will tend to restore the controller to normal and stop the gate, and

19. The combination of a centrifugal governor,` a motor having a gate, a controllertor the motor, a disk held in normal position by 'springs and interposed in the connection between the gate and the controller and adapt -4 ed to be rotated and put its springs underab-v normal tension blv the motion of the gate, and which as it returns to its normal position by the etlort of its springs will tend to restore tl'ie'controller to normal, and means consisting of a daslrpot containing oil interosedA in 'the connection between the gate and the disk and controlling'the speed ot its return.

20. ln a governor for turbines or the like, the'combination with a gate moving mechan-l ism, means t'or operating the' gate moving mechanism, including a cylinder and means for supplying pressure to both ends ot' the cylinder, a piston within the cylinder for conv trolling'the vgate moving mechanism'and bal anced between active opposing pressures, a

valve'for controlling the exhaust from'either endfthe cylinder, 'means foro erating the fr Valvecontrolled by the speed o the 'turbine the controller to normal and independentI adapted to be rotated and having its springs springs and interposed in the connection be- IOC' means controlling the speed of its return.

and means for Vcfr-,rising exhaust as the turbine approaches exact speed.

21. ina `governor for turbines or the like, the combination with a gateV moving mechanis'm, of'means for operating the gate moving 'mechanismincluding a cylinder, means for supplyingpressure to both ends oi the cylinder, a piston afitliin the cylinder .connected to the gate moving mechanism and balanced between active oppo. g pressures, a valve for controll the exhaust from cach end oi the cylinder and a yielding connection between the valve and the piston whereby the movement of the piston is communicated to the valve.

22. ln a governor for turbines or the like, .the combination With a gate moving mechthe gate, of spiral cam mounted on' the shaft, a rod connected to the cam whereby vsaid rod will be moved in accordance with the movement of the gate, a cylinder, means for supplying pressure to both endsvo' the `yz5 cylinder;t aV piston Within the cylinder con- 23. Ina device fdr maintaining constantsv ed in a prime motor under a variable load. .135

.t e combination of a motor, controller and a governor, with means causing the centrifugal j- Weights' to operate in a desired path indev lpendent of speed.

'24. In 4a device for 'maintaining constant sl eed in a prime motor under a variable load the combination of a motor, controller and a governor and a connection between the prime motor and the governor whereby the weights' of the centrifugal governor are given a devsiIed-path independent .of speed. 25. ln a device 'for maintaining constant speed ina prime motor under a variable load the combination-oi a motel', controller and agovernor, and an elastic connection between the prime motor and the governor bywvliich .the Weights oi' the governor will have a tendency to be forced into their normal position vindependent of speed.

nation of a centrifugal governor and means for changing the tension' Working against the Jforce'developed in the governor, said means being adjustable to vary the time of its 'operation. "27. .ln a device Jfor maintaining constant -s eedin a prime'motor under a variable load .t e combination ot a motor, a controllerand a "governor, ,and means controlling the time d valve to close' the' anism having a shaft which raises and lowers 26. ln a prime motor governor the combiently of speed.

@titi in which the governor -is permitted to a preach speed position independent of t e speed of the motor.

28. ln a device for maintaining constant speed in a prime motor undera variable load the combination of a motor, a controller and a governor, and-means for restoring the governor to speed position When displaced therefrom' by change of load before the motor is l restored to speed, and controlling the time in which the governor is permitted to approach speed position independently of the speed of the motor. i

29. in a device for maintaining constantspeed ina prime motor under a variable load the combination of a motor, controller and a governor, and means to stop the motion of the controller before it reaches thelimit of its throw in either direction. i

fr0. ln a' device Tor maintaining constant speed in a prime motor under a variable load the combination of a governor, a controller and a motor having a valve and means connected to the valve of the motor and'to the controller whereby the motion of the valve may be limited.

31. The combination oi a go trollcr7 and a motor having a valve and .'ineans connecting the valve Awith the controller whereby the motion of the valve Will check its own motion, and means for fixing the position of check.

32. The combination of a centrifugal governor, a controller and a motor having a valve and adjustable means whereby the motion of the valve may be stopped at any desired point of its travel and checked. at any desired distance fromsaid point of travel.

The combination of a centrifugal governor, a controller and a motor having a valve and means connecting the valve withthe governor -and controller whereby the goveiner will be returned to speed position and the motion of the valve stopped before the motor has reachedspeed.4

ln a device foi maintaining constant speed in a prime motor under a variable load the combination oi a motor7 controller and a governor7 and means connecting theI-motor vernor, a con- IOO4 vand the governor and controlling the time in which the govern-cris permitted to approach speed position.

, 35.l ln. a devicelfor maintaining constant speed ina prime motorunder variable load the combination of a motorzl controllerand a governor, and anauxiliary spring put under tension by 'the movement of the governor from speed position Which tends-. to restore Y the' governor to speed position independ- .combination of a governorl With means brought into active condition by a movement of the governor 'roinspeed position and Which tends to restore the governor to speed position before speed is restored. i

y37. in a governorvt'or prime motors the combination of ainotor, a controller, and a governor and means connected'to the motor and governor whereby the mot-or controller 4isprevented Jfrom opening' or closing beyond a desired extent. l

38.The combination of' a I2governor, a

vmotor having a gate, and a controller having inea-ns interposed betweenthe valve ol' the speed in a' prime motor un controller and the governor. and operating to vary the speed of movement ofthe gate dependent upon the position of 4thegate.

40.' In a device for maintaining constant speed in a priine motor under variable load, a governor, a motor having a gate, and a controller,l andmeans independent oi the controller to vary the' speed of the movement of the gate' dependent upon the position ot the gate. i 41. In a device forI maintaining constant speed-in aprirne motor under vi fiable load, the combination of a motor having a gate, a contiollertlieiefor,\and mfans for causing the velocit-y of the gate to Vfu'ywith its position. y

42. In a device for vmarn-aining constant ...srv'ariable load, theV combination of a centjiiugal device, and a motor, and means for checking the throw of the centrifugal device when it has reached a desired variation from normal.

43. ln a device tor maintaining constantl speed in a prime inotor under variable load, the combination ot a centrifugal device, a motor, and a motor controller, and means actuated by the inotorcontroller to check the throiv of thecentrifugal device when it has reached a desired variation from normal.

4l. In a device for maintainingconstant speed in a primeI motor under variable load,

the combination of a motor having a gate,

the controller which- Will tend tov 4restore the controller to normal constant speed position When displaced, atl-a predetermined period prior to the motor returning to speed.

45. n a device tor maintaining constant speed in a prime motor under variable load, the combination of a governor', a controller having a valve, a ino-tor having a gate, and- Ameans actnated by the governor to operate .a controller, and elastic means connected to tlievalve controlledl by the 'combined action "of the controller and the gate.

in a device for maintaining constant speed in va prime motor under .'ariable,load,` the combination ot'a centritugal'tle'ice, a controller having a valve, and a motor having a gate, and means connecting the centrifugal device,`the gate, and the cont-roller to the valveoi the controller.

- 47. inl a device for maintaining constant speed in a primemotor under variable load", the combination of a centrifugal device, a controller having a valve, and a mot-or having a gate, and separate lmeans connecting j the centrifugal device, the gate, and the conv troller, to the valve of the controller, to inipart to it a motion which Will'be the resultant of the combined action of the three eli ments. Y 1

' 48. In adevice for maintaining constant tlie combination of a governor, a motor having a gate, a controller orthe motor,- andi -means connecting tlie'controller and thega-te whereby the gate will tend to return the con- .troller to normal const-ant speed position' when displaced.

49. Ina device for maintaining constant speed in a prime motor under a variable load,

the combination of a governor, a motor having a gate, a controller for the motor, and meansconnected to the controller and the gate Whereb the gate will tend to return the controller to normal constant speed position when displaced prior tothe motor returning to speed.

'50. In a device forinaintaining constant I speed Iin a prime-motor under a variable load, Q35

roo

speed in a prime motor under avariablelo ad,

the combination of a governor, a motor` having a gate, a controller for the motor, an elastic means connected to the control/ler and .the gate \vhereby'the` gate'ivill tend to returnthe controller to normal constant speed position when displaced at a predeter hined period prior to the motor returning't 1yspeed.

, 5l. In a device fory maint@ ining constant speed in a 4prime inotor under a variable load, 't ing a gatea controller for the motor,v and means connected to the controller'and the gate whereby the gate will tend to restore t-he controllerto normal and-stopits. own motion at a predetermined period priorto the motor coming t-o speed. i

.y 52.111 a device for maintaining constant speed in a prime motor under a variable load, the combination of a governor, a motorhaving a gate, a controller for the motor, and means connected to the'gate andto the controller whereby the motion of the gate will be reie'cted 4upon the controller and cause the controller to tend'to return to normal con-. stant speedv position and stop theggate before it hjasreached speed position.

IIC!

speed in a prime motor under a variable load,

53. In a, device for maintaining constant speed position and stop the motion 'of thek gate. i,

the combination of a overnor, a motor hav- Signed by nie at Baltimore, Maryland, this in'` a gate, a oon-trol er for the InotoigandV 20th day of August, 1906. L' means connected to the gate and to the oon Y FRANCIS ELLICOTT.'y trolier whereby the inotion of the gatewill be y Witnesses: l v reflected upon-the controller andlmove it l WILLIAM W. POWELL, sind-tend to restore itto normalconstant JOHN EMORY CROSS. 

